Disabled People Basic Human Rights Social Work Essay

Handicapped People Basic Human Rights Social Work Essay Uusitalo 1985 affirmed that a generally examined point about state government assistance is its capacity to redistribute riches. Be that as it may, there are different reporters who don't concur with this attestation and feel that State Welfare (SW) has neglected to redistribute riches and make balance (Miller, 1994; Clegg, 2010; Osborne 2010; Grice, 2009). SW was organized to, as it were, give fundamental human rights, for example, the privilege to training, wellbeing, social administrations, lodging and standardized savings. It was hence basic that all people approached it and were dealt with similarly by the framework. Thane (2010) affirms that in spite of the fact that UK is seen to be an obliging society, disparity and bias has since quite a while ago existed in the nation. Authoritative Acts, for example, the Discrimination Act 1995, Equality Act 2010 and the UN Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities legitimately give impaired individuals social liberties, yet crippled individuals stay off guard. Massie (2007) claims that incapacitated individuals of working age are as yet living beneath the relative neediness level. This is confirmed by debilitated activists, for example, Mike Oliver, Colin Barnes and others (Barnes, 1981; Oliver and Barnes 1991). It is affirmed that SW has not just neglected to guarantee debilitated people groups essential human rights yet it has likewise encroached and lessened a portion of these rights. This exposition will look at the declaration, first by characterizing what State Welfare (SW) is. Second, it will quickly talk about the hypothesis and history of SW in the United Kingdom and basically analyze how SW has empowered handicapped individuals to practice their privileges, particularly as of late, through Independent Living, Direct Payments and Basic Income. Third, it will analyze the Human Rights Act 1998 and the UN Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities in the light of Human Rights standards. Fourth, it will investigate how SW has encroached on the privileges of people comparative with training, lodging, business, wellbeing and government managed savings. Last however in no methods the least; it will feature the job of experts in sustaining reliance, and talk about the job of the Disabled Peoples development in testing SW arrangement and creating elective approaches and administrations to evacuate impairing obstructions. It will finish up by drawing the conten tions together comparative with the inquiry. Meaning of Welfare Academicians, students of history and social observers have all endeavored to characterize State Welfare (SW). Lowe (1993) nonetheless, indicates that there is no proper meaning of the term State Welfare. Wedderburn (1965) characterizes SW as an administration commitment of some level which adjusts request and gracefully to guarantee reasonable pay circulation. Lowe (2005) has likewise characterized SW as not only an instance of offering a disengaged human support yet a network where the state grasps responsibility for the prosperity of everyone. The Cambridge word reference (2011) has depicted it as a type of expense assortment that permits the state to give fundamental human rights, for example, wellbeing, government managed savings etcetera to the individuals who require it. Briggs (1961) contextualizes SW by contending that the state utilizes its sway to control request and flexibly for work in three different ways. The first is to ensure individuals get an essential pay paying little mind to the cost of their work or measure of their advantages. The second is to limit vulnerability by meeting people groups fundamental needs to ease social hardship and the third is to give individuals access to great quality administrations paying little heed to their social standing. While Marshall (1950) implies that government assistance rights and social citizenship are firmly associated, rendering SW useless without government assistance rights. Esping-Anderson (1990) additionally calls attention to that social citizenship is comprised of the basic thought of SW. Speculations of State Welfare State Welfare (SW) doesn't exist all alone, similar to some other framework it is supported by different hypotheses. OBrien and Penna (1998) clarify that speculations are not scholarly ideas removed from this world but rather thoughts which give direction and clarifies conduct. SW in United Kingdom (UK) is supported by four primary speculations and they are: Progressivism Progressivism takes the view that people should bolster themselves with the state meddling just when they can't do as such. Dark (1989), an advocate of pluralist radicalism, keeps up that there are various types of dissidents. Right off the bat, there are the individuals who take independence to the extraordinary and depend on themselves alone, with the state interceding just with regards to their opportunity. Besides, there are the individuals who despite the fact that are devoted to their opportunity, wouldn't fret collective designs for socio-political movement. At long last, there are the individuals who additionally consider any to be obstruction as underhanded. Dissidents are said to have made the nuts and bolts of SW (Clegg, 2011). Marxism Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels composed their work during the nineteenth Century. Marxism frets about realism. Marx and Engels contended that the hostility among social classes lead to social change, which at last comes full circle into free enterprise: the normal malice dominating in todays financial structures. They consider private enterprise to be abhorrent on the grounds that they hold the supposition that it advances mistreatment where the average workers are misused by the decision class bourgeoisie (Avineri, 1968 pg 3). The custom of Marxism doesn't advance the perspective on SW as on a very basic level the Marxist doesn't see government assistance as the route forward for evolving disparities. (Esping-Anderson, 1998). Neo-Liberalism Neo-progressivism is a belief system that supports a moral and discerning represent free enterprise. It partners itself with financial matters, social conduct and social collaborations (Thorsen and Lie, 2009). The Neo-radicals advance chopping down state obligations, decreasing state support, changing expense enactment to extend the assessment arrange, disposing of pegged trade rates, globalizing markets to exchange by constraining monetary strategies that confine exchanging among nations, advancing privatization, private proprietorship and supporting deregulation. Plant (2010) affirms that Neo-progressivism has created an open market where the state has extreme force. Conservatism Conservatism is a confidence in associations and conventions that have created throughout the years and have demonstrated to be on-proceeding to stable. The term was contrived after the 1833 Reform Act by the Tory Party when they changed their name to Conservative Party. The term has sources in Edmund Burkes 1790 deduction on the French Revolution (Thompson, 2011). The belief system depended on protecting convention, for example, the illustrious family, the congregation and social classes. Government assistance isn't vital on the Conservative plan as they have confidence in work, family and enthusiasm. History of Welfare Whelan (2007) states that government assistance for the impeded goes far back in British history, with people and good cause, for example, temples running schools to teach youngsters and noble cause meeting the lodging needs of the common laborers. The thought behind these kind demonstrations was to calm the social conditions that industrialisation had made (Head, 2009). Helpless Laws were one of the primary enactments established in 1598 to help poor people and the debilitated in the UK by the Elizabethan government (Slack, 1990). The Victorian government kept on maintaining these laws, however during the 1900s life got hard for the average workers to such an extent that it constrained the liberal government to acquaint different changes from 1906 with 1914. A few students of history guarantee, that state government assistance (SW) created from the 1601 Poor laws (Thane and Whiteside, 2009). Lowe (1993) affirms that the term SW was made during the 1930s, having first been utilized disparagingly in Germany to portray the Weimar Republic (Lowe, 1993; Gough, 2005). Weimer was a focal city southwest of Germany and the first to be related with SW (Harsch, 1999). In the UK in 1940, during the authority of Winston Churchill, the preservationist government got worried about the Second World War returnee troopers and their dependence on the state to gain significant living. Taking into account this, Sir William Beveridge was entrusted with looking at the effectively settled National protection plans. He created a report which was to set up SW. The key message in his report was the five mammoth wrongs which were to be specific: Want (speaking to destitution); Disease (wellbeing), Ignorance (absence of training); Idleness (joblessness) and Squalor (lodging) (Timmins, 2001). The Beveridge report, 1942, carried changes to instruction that was praiseworthy, for example, advancing training for all (Batterson, 1999). This hence prompted the authorization of The 1944 Education Act which depended on the Education Act 1870 that offered free instruction to all youngsters in the nation. Through the 1944 Education Act, the administration proposed to give youngsters an equivalent possibility in training by making three sorts of schools: optional present day, sentence structure and specialized schools. Kids were select into different school dependent on the individual capacity (Batterson, 1999). Beveridges report was powerful and made the administration begin managing destitution and initiated productive estimates that brought about presentation of widespread advantages like The 1945 Family Allowance Act (Pleuger, No Date). This demonstration permitted all families in Britain to get week after week remittances for their kids who were under 16 years, paying little heed to their money related or societal position. In this way, different frameworks were presented, for example, the National Insurance framework that permitted contributing inquirers to guarantee money profits by it. The National Assistance Act was next presented in 1948 and it gave help to anyone who required assistance or was not secured by different advantages. That equivalent year the National Health Service (NHS) was likewise presented and it gave all inclusive wellbeing administrations. Ordered by the 1946 National Health Service Act, NHS worked on the accompanying qualities: free consideration, free for all with clinical nee

Logoplaste

Universidade Catolica Portuguesa Faculdade de Ciencias Economicas Empresariais Corporate Strategy Unilever’s frozen yogurt brand Portfolio Students: Maria Ines Galhardo, n? 150106011 Claudia Filipe, n? 150106026 Ricardo Lloret, n? 150106111 Joana Rodrigues dos Santos, n? 150106123 Diogo Sousa, n? 150106125 In request to draw the BCG lattice, we began by gathering a few information. In light of the Datamonitor Market Report 2006 (supplement 1), we had the option to compute the all out ice cream’s showcase estimation of 2008.We settled on the decision to accomplish the work for the year 2008 in light of the fact that the current year has not effectively finished. Subsequently it was just conceivable to figure evaluated values for 2008. Market esteem: (212. 8-161)/4 = 12. 95 million every year 161 + (12. 95*2) = 186. 9 million of every 2008 With the goal of considering Unilever’s head items, we needed to consider Nestle (Unilever’s greatest contender). We pic ked one equivalent contender for each gathering of frozen yogurts we thought were progressively significant (reference section 2). Among all frozen yogurts of Unilever, we concentrated on the ones that had an immediate rival in Nestle.This is the reason we didn't pick Carte D’or or Solero, we felt that its rivals were not as clear as the others. We expected then that the pieces of the pie from Unilever and Nestle were equivalent to in 2006 (supplement 3). These qualities will empower us to gauge advertise values for each organization and a short time later to ascertain pieces of the pie and qualities for every item. We decided the division of the market in four fragments: Super premium, Premium, Regular and Economy. The portions were picked by a value/quality proportion for every item we considered (Appendix 4).The distinctive pieces of the pie for each section were assessed accepting that the excessively premium items would be a market specialty with a little piece of the ma rket; the premium would be the most part and standard and economy would have comparative pieces of the overall industry however littler. At that point, we assessed likewise extents for the various items we considered. Both Unilever and Nestle have 2 distinctive pieces of the overall industry since we expected that they esteem various items in various fragments. The rates are Unilever Economy 20% Super premium 5% Regular 15% Premium 60%The premium section was separated in three unique items with various extents for Unilever and Nestle. Taking into account that we just contemplated one item in certain portions, we considered the entire fragment share for these ones and for the standard we viewed as to have other frozen yogurts other than Calippo that we did exclude (we considered as â€Å"others†). 3 Unilever †Premium Viennetta 17% Cornetto 43% Magnum 40% Nestle †Premium Tarte Carolina 19% Nestle 43% Extreme 38% Trough the division of the market, we had the option to credit to every item the piece of the pie inside its own company.Splitting the various sections, we duplicated the all out level of the portion to the portion of every item inside this fragment (Appendix 5). For the development of every item, we expected qualities dependent on the development of each fragment (Appendix 6). At long last, to compute the relative pieces of the pie, we needed to isolate Unilever’s piece of the overall industry for every item by Nestle’s piece of the overall industry for the individual contender (Appendix 7). 4 5 Unilever Brand Portfolio: ? Cornetto †It is a top notch item that is available in the majority of the eateries and bistros in Portugal.Cornetto is a money dairy animals and yours hit and that is the reason we didn't consider having a major development rate. We expected that this dessert is as of now in the ideal spot in the market for Unilever. Along these lines the ventures are not exceptionally high and it has a major return . ? Magnum †This speaks to the second best result of your organization, additionally premium and with high deals. In any case, it is a generally youthful brand, just made in 1990, that needs a higher venture than Cornetto to set up itself in the market.Strong interests in new items like the allurements or constrained releases like 7 sins and advertising and correspondence plans make this brand a star. ? Viennetta †This is an exceptional item just sold in eateries and stores along these lines its piece of the pie isn’t huge. Despite the fact that the brand is old and as a bring home item it is well known, relatively few individuals purchase Viennetta on the grounds that the bring home frozen yogurt advertise is littler and a large portion of the buys are drive. As per the contextual investigation on â€Å"Global ice cream:Nestle goes on attack†, the superior portion is growing up to 3% and since this brand is known by everyone there isn’t an extraordina ry need to spend numerous assets on it. Periodic new flavors were included, anyway without extraordinary achievement. All things considered, it is a money dairy animals and subsequently a decent item in view of its development rate. ? Children †This class coordinates all the youngsters coordinated results of your organization, for example, Perna de Pau, Super Maxi, Epa and Mini-Milk, which are modest items uniquely coordinated to kids with significant levels of milk and calcium.It has a place with the financial section, hence, likewise as indicated by the article referenced over, the market development is practically static. In this portion the opposition is more grounded, in light of the fact that Nestle makes relationship with referred to brands, for example, Smarties and Kit Kat, speaking to kid’s consideration. The solid 6 speculation that the contenders make on this classification legitimizes why Ola isn't the pioneer in it, making it a Dog yet at the same time havi ng late ventures and attempting to have a greater piece of the overall industry. Calippo †This item speaks to the water-put together items with respect to your organization, it is very old and there is little separation among it and its rivals on the grounds that there isn’t much space to develop and enhance, thusly individuals won’t see noteworthy contrasts between the estimation of each brand. There is little interest in this brand and low incomes, and since it is coordinated in the standard dessert portion its development is little or even static, consequently making it a pooch too. Ben and Jerry’s †This is your offer in regards to the Super-Premium market fragment, with top notch, significant expense desserts with various flavors and vivid introductions. This brand isn't yet very notable and has a low piece of the overall industry since it focuses on a little market and it is yet in a period of brand acknowledgment. The organization needs to go thr ough a great deal of cash in promoting efforts to make the brand perceived by everybody and furthermore in the exploration to discover new flavors.According to the contextual investigation this market fragment is relied upon to grow up to 6% and this makes this brand a question mark or a tricky kid. One issue for this brand in Portugal is that it is basically sold in Ben and Jerry’s own stores, which are very few and being an ongoing brand it is hard to make individuals know the areas of the stores. Brand Portfolio Recommendations: According to the BCG framework your image portfolio is even, because of you having items in the various quadrants and in various phases of the lifecycle.Magnum, Cornetto and Viennetta are truly productive brands that help the less beneficial brands of your organization. Be that as it may, it isn't prescribed to drop different brands in light of the fact that your organization should be 7 present in each fragment so as to contend. This will expand b rand mindfulness and arrive at more clients. Having this as a top priority, rather than diminishing any brands, you should build a few and alter others. ? What's more we accept that your organization ought to incorporate low fat items coordinated to individuals that need to appreciate frozen yogurt however don’t need the drawbacks of it.By giving these low caloric and low fat items your organization will cover a significant fragment that are the ladies, that as indicated by the Key Note (page 53) are more prominent dessert buyers than man, with progressively center around picture as far as confidence as well as on expert and individual related issues. Ben and Jerry’s ought to make another scope of items with certain variants of their successes in a low caloric manner attempting to keep up their unique flavor. Different brands ought to receive a similar procedure and make in any event one item with less calories. You should build Ben and Jerry’s piece of the over all industry and brand acknowledgment to change this tricky kid in a star item. A thought can be to make a rendition of their frozen yogurt for motivation expending, maybe embracing a comparable arrangement to the magnum (dessert on stick) and remember this brand for the Ola selling focuses, consequently arriving at more shoppers. ? Your companies’ Kids fragment isn't all around situated and it isn't the market head. To change this circumstance it would be a smart thought to mastermind associations with different organizations, for example, ice cream parlor brands and animation enterprises.You could make an organization with realized candy store brands like Kinder on the grounds that it will profit by the different company’s brand acknowledgment with little exertion and arrive at this market portion with better contentions to contend with Nestle. 8 ? Then again the organization should make an examination each half year to figure out which are the more mainstream kid's shows right now and make another item that offers prizes identified with those kid's shows. The essential item ought to be a high calcium frozen yogurt that changes its bundling and prizes as per the examination results.By doing this you will be enthralling children’s consideration that more often than not is just coordinated to the appearance and furthermore their folks since you are offering a dessert that is useful for the kid’s wellbeing and development. ? To get to the Portuguese market it a smart thought to make another brand that sells frozen yogurt with the kinds of a portion of the better perceived run of the mill desserts in Portugal, for example, â€Å"doce d’ovos†, â€Å"arroz doce† and â€Å"pastel de nata†. This brand woul

The Industries Where People Are Most Likely to Quit Their Jobs

The Industries Where People Are Most Likely to Quit Their Jobs Individuals take steps to stop their occupations constantly. That doesn’t mean they do. In any case, it is a typical enough abstain and a typical enough event. Turns out, be that as it may, it is by all accounts more typical in specific fields than in others. Here are 10 fields generally helpless to losing personnel.1. HospitalityYou give holding up a shot crotchety individuals your whole week's worth of work. Food administration representatives and individuals in the movement business work insane hours and are paid nearly nothing, which can be hard to support. Also, this industry draws youngsters enhancing their pay and regularly loses workers to their eternity careers.2. HealthcareHigh stakes, high pressure. It’s difficult having people’s lives in your grasp. Now and then this field can be a lot to take long term.3. Genuine EstateIt’s sufficiently simple to get your permit and begin rehearsing. Be that as it may, this activity is quite troublesome as far as making real progress. Practically 50% of hopeful operators quit in the wake of neglecting to make their first deal. Without the correct exchange aptitudes and deals ability, it very well may be fantastically hard to stick out.4. Non-profitHard work, individual development†¦ no cash. Except if you’re in a top administration position, this can be a baffling and unrewarding endeavor. Loads of non-benefit segment representatives will in general move into the private part to make more money.5. Mining/loggingTalk about tiring, perilous work. There’s a high danger of fatalities in this field and the profit are similarly low. So when excavators or lumberjacks get a shot out, they quite often take it.6. ConstructionThis profession decision isn't horrendously very much redressed, and can be incredibly dangerous.7. RetailMuch like the administration business, retail draws in more youthful workers who can endure the low time-based compensation and disagreeable, firm hours . Be that as it may, not many stick around on the off chance that they can help it.8. Expressions and entertainmentLots of individuals have dreams to be entertainers, on-screen characters, performers, entertainers, and so on. In any case, the profession is astoundingly testing and paid open doors are scant. Given the trouble in finding a steady profession way, loads of specialists wind up finding other work.9. Exchanges/transportMany laborers who quit this field move onto better chances, considering the talented work included. A few, be that as it may, don’t, for example, cab drivers, truckers, cargo haulers, and so forth. The work can be burdening and the compensation generally low.10. Transportation warehousing/utilitiesWith a much higher casualty rate than mining and logging, these laborers are at an extremely high hazard for work environment injury. What's more, once more, the compensation is regularly scarcely worth the hazard.

Market Structure of the Aviation Industry

Market Structure of the Aviation Industry Task # 37424 Financial aspects Presentation The picked portion is the avionics section, which is in consistent development. The procedure with improvement in the amount of explorers and flying machine advancements requires a rising in interests in air terminal and aircraft limit. Nevertheless even with these new hypotheses, peak stopping up and the characteristic impact of aeronautics remain perilous. Air transport is plainly a field loaded down with externalities. A substitute progression in the flying part is the tendency to structure organizations. Regardless of the way that the composing exhibits that these associations together might be productive to voyagers, regardless they require, in some way or another, consent from flight powers. In the deregulated avionics fragment, aeronautics controls subsequently expect an essential part in guaranteeing the people from extravagant racket and in protecting the buyer against over the top utilization of market power. A market structure delineates the qualities of a market which can impact the lead of associations besides impact the government assistance of clients. A level of the essential pieces of market structure are recorded underneath: The quantity of firms in the market. The market offer of the greatest firms. The idea of creation costs in the short and since a long time ago run for example the limit of associations to attempt economies of scale. The level of thing partition for example whatever degree do the associations endeavor to make their things not exactly equivalent to those of fighting firms. The worth and cross worth adaptability of enthusiasm for various things. The number and the power of buyers of the business rule things The turnover of customers this is a proportion of the amount of purchasers who switch providers consistently and it is affected by the nature of brand unwavering quality and the effects of advertising. For example, have you changed your money related equalization or your cell phone organization provider in the latest year. One potential instrument the lawmaking body has accessible to it is the cost. For example, the governing body can put a cost on the externality to diminish the negative effect, yet if the explorers are not very delicate to value changes, this methodology will have little effect; the flying vehicles basically give the charge to the voyagers. The governing body needs information on the value affectability of explorers in order to have the ability to measure the possible procedure impacts or to shield racket bother game plan. This information is required on various levels. A lamp fuel charge, for example, must be legitimized in the setting of a worldwide technique approach and requires various bits of information than a close by clatter charge. The estimation of value adaptabilities in aeronautics can anyway be perceptibly irksome, given the various issues concerning data openness on costs, number of explorers, etc. As a choice, one can use examine mix from various exploratory examinati ons grasped elsewhere or beforehand. Using existing exploration, one attempts to find typical parts explaining potential differences in for example examinations of value flexibility. Choice settings in air transport demand The value flexibility of the enthusiasm for a decent, regardless of whether a customer decent or a creation input variable, is clearly related to the possible results of replacement for that incredible. A respectably tremendous number of substitutes will recommend significant expense versatility, while a nonattendance of substitutes will most likely drive enthusiasm to wind up progressively rigid with the objective that the enthusiasm for this thing may get the chance to be inelastic. In the specific example of the enthusiasm for voyager air transport, the structure and separating parts of the intrigue are likely not various. A huge segment of the determinants of value versatility dont direct effect value flexibility, however rather impact the degree of gracefully of replacement modes and in like manner push their effect in various indirect manners. A basic issue in flight is that various degrees of replacement may be perceived, as Figure 1 shows. As a matter of first importance, unm istakable transporters may fight with each other on a similar course, giving an example of intra-modular replacement. Because of homogeneous vehicle benefits there will be perfect contention construing significant expense flexibility. In any case, when organizations of contrasting quality are offered, the substitutability will be less. Next, on certain market parcels, alternative vehicle modes may give adequately similar characteristics to be seen as replacement modes. Different factors, chiefly of geographic, fiscal and segment nature, center the availability and the potential accomplishment of choice modes as a substitute. Obviously geographic parts, for instance, seas, impenetrable mountain goes or even the insignificant partition of a trek, may catch the region or establishment of a given flexibly of adequate replacement modes (Oum, Zhang and Zhang, 1993). Hindrances to passage Hindrances to passage are the techniques by which potential contenders are blocked. Syndications would then be able to delight in higher advantages in the more broadened term. There are a couple of assorted sorts of segment hindrance †these are compressed underneath: Licenses: Patents are genuine property rights to keep the passage of foes. They are generally significant for 17-20 years and give the supervisor a select option to shield others from using licensed things, advancements, or game-plans. Holders can offer licenses to various associations to make types of their protected thing. Publicizing and showcasing: Developing client resolve by making checked things can make compelling passageway into the market by new firms generously progressively expensive. Advancing can furthermore cause an outward development of the intrigue curve and make demand less tricky to cost Brand duplication: In various business adventures multi-thing firms partaking in brand development can give a deception of contention. This is fundamental in business sectors, for instance, chemicals, candy parlor and family stock †it is non-value rivalry. Imposing business model, advertise disappointment and government mediation The essential assemblage of proof against a syndication is that it can win higher advantages at the expense of allocative capability. The monopolist will hope to focus a cost from buyers that is over the cost of advantages used inside creation the thing (Cooper and Maynard, 1971). Additionally more significant expenses suggest that purchasers necessities and requirements are not being satisfied, as the thing is continually under-ate up. Under conditions of imposing business model, purchaser influence has been deficiently replaced by producer power (Hooper, 1993). In the two diagrams above we separate a market where premium is cost inelastic (for example Ped 1). The past is associated with a restraining infrastructure where clients have hardly any nearby substitutes to peruse. Exactly when intrigue is inelastic, the degree of client surplus is high, raising the probability that the monopolist can lessen yield and raise cost above cost thusly working with a higher benefit edge (estimated as the difference in cost and ordinary cost for each unit). If a restraining infrastructure diminishes yield from the congruity at Q1 to Q2 then it can offer this at a value P2. This outcomes in a trade of client surplus into extra producer excess. In any case, since cost is as of now about the cost of providing extra units, there is lost allocative efficiency. This is shown in the chart by the concealed domain which isn't traded to the producer, basically lost absolutely considering the way that yield is lower than it would for the most part be in an engaged market. References Cooper, M.H. furthermore, Maynard, A.K.: â€Å"The Price of Air Travel†, Hobart Paper 53, Institute for Economic Affairs, 1971. Hooper, P.: â€Å"The Elasticity of Demand for Travel: A Review†, Research Report, Institute of Transport Studies, Sydney, 1993. Oum, T.H., Zhang, A. what's more, Zhang, Y.:Inter-firm Rivalry and Firm-Specific Price Elasticities in the Deregulated Airline Markets, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 1993, vol.27 (2), 171-192.

Are Education Systems Modern as Well as Practical Essay

A willing and capable individual who can't get a new line of work is given the title of jobless. /When individual who is eager to accomplish work and furthermore can do so can't get a new line of work, they are given the title of jobless. Eagerness to work can occur for various reasons, for example, the longing to escape from neediness or achieve a better quality of living. The issue comes in with the capacity of that person to acquire a payment. With the yearly populace development being 1.8% during the most recent four years, about a million laborers are being added to the workforce consistently. Anyway notwithstanding such tremendous potential within reach, the work rates are making a horrible situation. About 60% of the populace is in the ‘economically productive’ age gathering and with the disturbing actuality that the pace of youth joblessness in Pakistan is 8%, higher than the general joblessness pace of 6% this year. Practically 50% of the Pakistani workforce is jobless as per the figures discharged by the Pakistan Economy Watch. The low development in labor efficiency has not coordinated the rising work power and because of the low education rate combined with continuous financial downturn, destitution is continually developing. Since the logical upset and the hours of the Age of Enlightenment, our insight and the manner in which we are instructed has advanced through the progressing logical techniques. In our advanced occasions, universities give us the choice of contemplating, for instance, applied science or hypothetical science. Our essential training division/According to information from the International Labor Organization, the/Our essential and auxiliary instruction are to a degree fulfilling present day guidelines of training yet the issue lies with the Tertiary segment. Joblessness and destitution have influenced our nation as well as the world. The establishment of the eurozone emergency lies with the 11.8% joblessness rate, up from .1% in just a month. Near 19million in the 17-country zone have been influenced. The danger of destitution is continually developing, and has become a worldwide issue. Mindfully executed administration of (social standards and desires ) our rural area can forestall the takeover of outside organizations alongside the loss of employments because of automation. The advanced training as it is observed today comprises of learning through the vehicles of innovation, that being the computer,projectors and the web. As far as I can tell, the packing of realities and dates and repetition learning doesn't profit our general public, rather a handy part of adapting should be instructed by the administration and private organizations. As per different records, with half of our populace being ladies, the quantity of young lady taking on center school is disturbing. Science has constantly intrigued kids, yet with time the inspiration fades away. Perusing a course book definitely giving us the information yet at long last we learn, give tests and overlook. A pragmatic showing then again would empower the kid to snatch the thought better, en-establishing the information for all time in their brains. The legislature needs to not just spotlight on effectively executing development situated approaches yet deal with our rural segment.

Interview with SIPA MPA candidate, Maricarmen Hinojosa COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Interview with SIPA MPA candidate, Maricarmen Hinojosa COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Name: Maricarmen Hinojosa Degree: MPA Concentration:   International Security Policy Specialization: International Conflict Resolution Maricarmen is a second year MPA student from Mexico concentrating in International Security Policy and specializing in International Conflict Resolution. Prior to SIPA, she worked for three years at the Mexican Embassy in Washington, DC, as one of the Ambassador’s National Security Advisers. During college, she volunteered in Kenya, where she designed and developed the project “Sustainable Production of Dolls”, a program designed to empower women in the Mfangano community. She also studied abroad for one year in Seoul, South Korea, where she researched and developed the thesis, “North Korean Nuclear Strategy Against the United States: A Country Looking for its Survival,” for which she was recognized as having produced the best thesis of the year by the Universidad de Monterrey. What has been the best part of your SIPA experience? My best experience at SIPA has been my summer internship with the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) as part of the Drivers of Conflict and Peace: Practicum, directed by The Conflict Resolution Center of Columbia University. Thanks to this program I had the opportunity to spend two months researching illegal logging and conflict resolution in Kosovo. I also had the chance to travel around the Balkans and get to know better one of the most interesting regions in the world. Do you feel like you have gotten to know some of the faculty members? Absolutely.   Professors at SIPA are open to talk to the students and help as much as they can in their academic and professional development.   Professor Dipali Mukhopadhyay, Paola Maria Valenti and Stuart Gottlieb, among other professors at SIPA, are always willing to listen to students concerns. SIPA features lots of events for students to attend.   Is there any interesting presentation that you have attended that you could comment upon?   During my first semester at SIPA I had the opportunity to attend a conference with Kofi Annan, former Secretary General of the UN. The event was a small event at SIPA in which the students had the opportunity to ask questions and have a great conversation with Mr. Annan. It was such an honor to be there with such a great international figure. What has been the most challenging part of your SIPA experience? During my first semester I took a course called “Evolving Military Strategy Post-9/11” with Admiral Eric T. Olson (retired).  For the class final examination we had to analyze the National Military Strategy to the United States of America and identify three main issues that were not addressed or were weak and present our finding though a teleconference to Gen. Martin Dempsey, Chairman of the Joint Chief of Staff.  The fact that I was directly presenting my advice to the most important figure in the US Military was by far the most challenging experience at SIPA. Did you choose to attend SIPA to change careers, or to gain experience in a career path you already had experience in? I joined SIPA to gain particular skills related to my training on conflict resolution and international security issues. Before SIPA I worked for three years at the Embassy of Mexico. There I learned about national security issues in a very hands-on fashion, but I still felt I lacked some of the conceptual foundations for understanding military and intelligence components of national and international security policies. I decided that the International Security Concentration at SIPA was going to help me fill the gap in my professional career.

How to Get into Medical School for Non-Science Majors

Will your undergraduate degree in Music, English, or Economics put you at a disadvantage when the time comes to apply to medical school? Not at all! Medical schools want well-rounded students with the potential to become passionate, dedicated physicians, and following your heart into art or another non-science discipline can demonstrate that you have varied interests and passions. And assuming you did well in your science prerequisites, your non-science major can be one of your greatest strengths when battling those competitive medical school acceptance rates. There are many ways to tell your story. Here are some of the elements that can make up a winning personal statement for a medical school applicant with a liberal arts background. Ask yourself: 1. What do you care about? 2. What skills have you picked up? 3. Why do you want to be a doctor? 4. Do you need more help? What do you care about? You probably chose your undergraduate major for several reasons – career opportunities, high grades, inspiring professors – but hopefully the main reason was your genuine interest in the subject. In your medical school application, you will have many opportunities to convey this interest: in your personal statement, your secondaries, and your extracurricular activities. To write compelling application essays, however, youll need to do more than state your love for the Louvre or for Einstein. Dig deeply into your passion and explain – with specific examples – how you expressed it. Even mundane experiences can become extraordinary when infused with your personality – both the big events and the nuances that make you who you are. Together, these details will show the admissions committee that youre a multidimensional human being with the breadth and depth to learn on different levels and relate to your patients while contributing to the medical school classroom. What skills have you picked up? As a non-traditional student, you bring a very different set of skills and experiences to the medical school community. Your job now is to translate these into ones that are relevant to the medical profession. For example: †¢ You know patient interactions are important, so explain how reporting for the college newspaper honed your empathetic and listening skills. †¢ You know that its essential to work closely with your classmates and colleagues, so write about the mentorship you provided while directing a one-act play (or tutoring mathematics or giving tours at an art museum). †¢ Youve heard about the importance of memorizing and assimilating facts in medical school, so describe your facility for memorizing Keats and Shelley (or the periodic table or the guitar chords to the songs you wrote for your band). In each case, select specific examples that demonstrate your strengths and make your essay come alive. Regardless of your major, your personal statement should emphasize the qualities that will make you a good medical student and physician. Why do you want to be a doctor? Even after pursuing your other passions, you still want to be a doctor. Its particularly important for applicants who strayed from the normal premed track to explain this decision in honest, heartfelt terms that go beyond a basic desire to help people. Instead, think about the people or events that were the catalyst for your decision to pursue medicine. Did you or a loved one experience a medical event? Were you exposed to health-related issues in any courses? Did you have a significant experience while volunteering? Don’t discount any experiences as too big or too small. Mundane essays about helping people in the abstract or facing a medical condition can become extraordinary when infused with your personality – both the big events and the nuances that make you who you are. Just as important, you need to share your understanding of what practicing medicine will be like, based on your interactions with physicians. What do you love about the profession? Knowing the challenges and difficulties, why is this still your career goal? Again, provide specific supporting examples. Your realistic expectations and first-hand observations will reflect your maturity and commitment to succeed as a physician. Do you need more help? As youre writing about these things, make sure you do the following: †¢ Write a focused essay that goes beyond your GPA and MCAT scores. †¢ Select specific examples that demonstrate your strengths and make your essay come alive. †¢ Draw the reader into the story using anecdotes to illustrate your story and to bring out your unique experiences and perspectives. Do you need assistance examining your premed profile, highlighting your strengths, and then writing about them in an impressive, compelling personal statement? Check out our Medical School Admission Consulting Services and work one-on-one with a consultant who will help you bring your competitive advantage to light. Click here to get started. A former fellowship admissions committee member and administrator at the University of Washington School of Medicine, Cydney Foote has successfully advised healthcare applicants, including those applying to medical school, dental school, nursing and PA programs, veterinary school, public health and hospital administration programs, post-baccalaureate medical programs, residencies and fellowships. Since 2001, she has brought her marketing and writing expertise to help science-focused students communicate their strengths. Want Cyd to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢ 5 Fatal Flaws to Avoid in Your Med School Secondary Essays, a free guide †¢ 10 Reasons Why You Should Consider Participating in a Special Masters Program (SMP) †¢ Med School Admissions Advice for Nontraditional Applicants: The Experts Speak

George Orwells Use of Appositives in A Hanging

An appositive—a noun or noun phrase that identifies or renames another noun—is a handy way of adding details to a sentence. The term comes from the Latin word for placing close by, and an appositive usually appears right after the word or phrase that it renames. Youve just seen one example of an appositive—in the first sentence of this article. Here, from the opening of George Orwells essay A Hanging, are two more: We were waiting outside the condemned cells, a row of sheds fronted with double bars, like small animal cages.He was a Hindu, a puny wisp of a man, with a shaven head and vague liquid eyes. A few paragraphs later, Orwell lines up a pair of appositives to identify another character: Francis, [1] the head jailer, [2] a fat Dravidian in a white drill suit and gold spectacles, waved his black hand. In each of Orwells sentences, the appositive could be substituted for the noun it renames (cells, Hindu, Francis). Or it could be deleted without changing the basic meaning of the sentence. Set off by commas, such appositives are said to be nonrestrictive. In some cases, an appositive might be thought of as a simplified adjective clause (a word group beginning with who or which). This next sentence, for example, relies on an adjective clause to identify the subject, hangman: The hangman, who was a gray-haired convict in the white uniform of the prison, was waiting beside the machine. Now look at George Orwells original version of the sentence, with the adjective clause reduced to a more concise appositive: The hangman, a gray-haired convict in the white uniform of the prison, was waiting beside the machine. Viewed this way, appositives offer a way to cut the clutter in our writing. And that, youll have to admit, makes it a handy little device—a compact grammatical structure. NEXTFor a more detailed discussion of appositives, see How to Build Sentences with Appositives.

The Negative Impacts Of Smoking - 1547 Words

The most common problems that are destroying the health of young generations and killing thousands and thousands adults every day is smoking cigarette. The issue of smoking has become one of the most significant and controversial debates in Australia, due its health problem and the effect of the environment atmosphere. Researches and medics worldwide were studying the main causes that makes people smoke and why? (Backes, 2016). According to Dr Jewell‘s article, reveals that there are lots of factors that influencing young children to smoke. Factors such as social influence or peer pressure, curiosity, advertising, media as well as family (Jewell, 2015). This literature review will describe, summarise, evaluate and clarify the negative†¦show more content†¦However, parents and family are more responsible for the children as they’re growing. This will help the young kids to grow with respect and good appearance that will bring respectable value in the family. †¢ FAMILY The importance of parents in life is the essential thing that every child need. Father and mother serve as the role models not only through direct relations with their kids but through the example they present their attitude and behaviour inside the family and in the external world. Family play a big part in influential the behaviour and beliefs of an individual – through parent expectations and social media. When it comes to life influence, parents holds a major role in shaping the attitudes of the young people, which means that the negative and positive impact of teenagers who might develop a view independent of their close relative or parents. Parents play the main role in child is growth. They play a significant role in a lifestyle, mental health, and physical, social, financial as well as career development. This shows that they control and prepare the pathway or the footprint for them to follow. This insinuate that adolescences are more likely to smoke if they close rel ative or parents were smokers, even if they quit smoking long time ago. Teenagers with an older brother or sister who smoke s are also more likely to start smoking cigarettes. †¢ ADVERTISING Social media have become very powerful and important partsShow MoreRelatedOutcome of Banning Smoking in Public Areas663 Words   |  3 Pagesasthma problems has dropped by after smoking was banned in public places. Researchers from the University of Maastricht and the University of Edinburgh studied 250,000 hospital visits and more than 2.5 million births for asthma attacks in children. It was discovered that â€Å"preterm births and hospital attendance for asthma has fallen by 10% â€Å" especially in areas where smoking is banned. Though banning smoking at in public places would possibly have a negative effect, because people may start to smokeRead MoreBan Smoking On Public Beaches855 Words   |  4 PagesThe ban of smoking on public beaches in America has increased since it started in the 1970s. This is a controversial issue as not all people agree on banning smoking on public beaches, mainly smokers. People that are strongly against smoking on public beaches tend to be parents and non-smokers alike. They find it absolutely unacceptable to smoke on public beaches as they see it as an unhealthy and a harmful habit, and do not want to be around it. Apart from disapproval of non smokers, there is otherRead MorePeer Pressure Essay693 Words   |  3 Pagescontemporary issue and argue how it has and will continue to have an impact on your generation. Peer Pressure. We have all at one stage in our lives, experienced it. We all know what it feels like to be pressured by a peer. Peer pressure today impacts on kids of my generation in a huge aspect. Teenagers feel social pressure in numerous ways such as clothing, music and entertainment choices, to unsafe areas such as drugs, alcohol and smoking. During adolescence, kids emphasize their independence and exploreRead MoreWorkaholism1537 Words   |  7 Pages Impacts on Canada’s Population Health Workaholism is a growing behavioural epidemic negatively affecting the population health in Canada. It’s also a popular belief that workaholics are driven by a poor sense of self and are quite miserable, but there are actually different types of workaholism, and the workaholic may actually be happy diving into the multitude of tasks at work. It is not necessarily thought of in a negative way by the individual experiencing it, even though itRead MoreShould Smoking Be Public Places?1110 Words   |  5 Pages Will smoking be convenient in your life? Smoking is the rubbish commodity to buy, sell and to utilize it. Smoking nowadays is creating obstacles to non-smokers and in general pollution to the environment. Some people are habituated to smoking and is now have become a far- reaching issue. Due to smoking it will generate complications in the future. Smoking should be banned in public places. This includes it harms people nearby smokers, causes litter and people can be affected with long-term diseaseRead MoreSmoking Is An Addictive Habit That Has Been Killing People All Over The World1123 Words   |  5 PagesSmoking is an addictive habit that has been killing people all over the world for hundreds of years. About 25% of adults smoke and about 30% of all adolescents use some type of tobacco product (â€Å"Smoking†). Statistics show that the majority of tobacco users began as a teenager, around thirteen years of age (Miller). The human population is supposed to have innate instin cts to do all they can to survive and extend their lives, but individuals still make the choice to smoke and may not take into accountRead MoreSmoking By Elton Glaser857 Words   |  4 Pagesstory: positive and negative. Each perspective holds influence over the one experiencing the action, the positive side can impact one to do insightful and helpful deeds, while the negative side may force one to experience a moral dilemma. Knowing harmful effects of the issue may be enough for some people but others feel the admirable factors outweigh the inadequate ones. Elton Glaser explains that knowing the negative does not always work to avoid awful habits in the poem Smoking. Having knowledgeRead MoreEffects of Smoking Ban Laws Essay1327 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Smoking bans are policies, which include occupational safety, regulations regarding health, and criminal laws, which prohibit tobacco smoking in public areas and in work places. The rationale behind these laws is to prevent non-smokers from the effects of second-hand smoke that may among other things result in lung cancer, heart diseases, emphysema and many other diseases. Smoking ban laws make smoking indoors in many countries worldwide illegal, with scientific evidence clearly showingRead MoreTobacco Consumption in Adolescents: A Health Promotion Campaign1263 Words   |  6 Pagesissue of smoking in adolescents from the Australian society. The discussion will include a recent campaign that has been created to cut the morbidity rates of smoking in adolescents from the Western Australian (WA) region. The campaign â€Å"Smarter than Smoking† provided an effective health promotion strategies to reduce tobacco enhancement for adolescents aged 10-15 years old. The essay will prov ide a better analysis on tobacco consumption in adolescents. Thus, portraying the potential impacts of smokingRead MoreEssay about Smoking Will Kill You Softly954 Words   |  4 PagesDo you smoke? Have you ever stopped to think about how smoking is affecting your body and your life? Smoking has been shown to be dangerous to health. It is dangerous not only to those who smoke, but to non-smokers and unborn children who are exposed to secondhand smoke. That exposure can be significant, especially to those who live or work with a smoker. In reality, most of the smoke from a burning cigarette does not get sucked down into a smoker’s lungs – it escapes into the air, where it can be

What You Need to Know About the Crusades

The medieval Crusade was a holy war. For a conflict to be officially considered a Crusade, it had to be sanctioned by the pope and conducted against groups seen as enemies of Christendom. Initially, only those expeditions to the Holy Land (Jerusalem and associated territory) were considered Crusades. More recently, historians have also recognized campaigns against heretics, pagans, and Muslims in Europe as Crusades. How the Crusades Began For centuries, Jerusalem had been governed by Muslims, but they tolerated Christian pilgrims because they helped the economy. Then, in the 1070s, Turks (who were also Muslim) conquered these holy lands and mistreated Christians before realizing how useful their goodwill (and money) could be. The Turks also threatened the Byzantine Empire. Emperor Alexius asked the pope for assistance, and Urban II, seeing a way to harness the violent energy of Christian knights, made a speech calling for them to take back Jerusalem. Thousands responded, resulting in the First Crusade. When the Crusades Began and Ended Urban II made his speech calling for Crusade at the Council of Clermont in November, 1095. This is seen as the start of the Crusades. However, the reconquista of Spain, an important precursor to crusading activity, had been going on for centuries. Traditionally, the fall of Acre in 1291 marks the end of the Crusades, but some historians extend them to 1798, when Napoleon expelled the Knights Hospitaller from Malta. Crusader Motivations There were as many different reasons for crusading as there were crusaders, but the single most common reason was piety. To crusade was to go on pilgrimage, a holy journey of personal salvation. Whether that also meant giving up virtually everything and willingly facing death for God, bending to peer or family pressure, indulging bloodlust without guilt, or seeking adventure or gold or personal glory depended entirely on who was doing the crusading. Who Went on Crusade People from all walks of life, from peasants and laborers to kings and queens, answered the call. Even the King of Germany, Frederick I Barbarossa, went on multiple Crusades. Women were encouraged to give money and stay out of the way, but some went on crusade anyway. When nobles crusaded, they often brought huge retinues, whose members may not necessarily have wanted to go along. At one time, scholars theorized that younger sons more frequently went crusading in search of estates of their own; however, crusading was an expensive business, and recent research indicates it was lords and elder sons who were more likely to crusade. The Number of Crusades Historians have numbered eight expeditions to the Holy Land, though some lump the 7th and 8th together for a total of seven crusades. However, there was a steady stream of armies from Europe to the Holy Land, so it is nearly impossible to distinguish separate campaigns. In addition, some crusades have been named, including the Albigensian Crusade, the Baltic (or Northern) Crusades, the Peoples Crusade, and the Reconquista. Crusader Territory Upon the success of the First Crusade, the Europeans set up a king of Jerusalem and established what is known as the Crusader States. Also called outremer (French for across the sea), the Kingdom of Jerusalem controlled Antioch and Edessa, and it was divided into two territories since these places were so far-flung. When ambitious Venetian merchants convinced warriors of the Fourth Crusade to capture Constantinople in 1204, the resulting government was referred to as the Latin Empire, to distinguish it from the Greek, or Byzantine, empire they had claimed. Crusading Orders Two important military orders were established in the early 12th century: the Knights Hospitaller and the Knights Templar. Both were monastic orders whose members took vows of chastity and poverty, yet they were also militarily trained. Their primary purpose was to protect and aid pilgrims to the Holy Land. Both orders did very well financially, particularly the Templars, who were notoriously arrested and disbanded by Philip IV of France in 1307. The Hospitallers outlasted the Crusades and continue, in a much-altered form, to this day. Other orders were established later, including the Teutonic Knights. Impact of the Crusades Some historians -- particularly Crusades scholars -- consider the Crusades the single most important series of events in the Middle Ages. The significant changes in the structure of European society that took place in the 12th and 13th centuries were long considered the direct result of Europes participation in the Crusades. This view no longer holds as strongly as it once did. Historians have recognized many other contributing factors in this complex time. Yet there is no doubt the Crusades contributed greatly to changes in Europe. The effort of raising armies and providing supplies for Crusaders stimulated the economy; trade benefited, as well, especially once the Crusader States were established. Interaction between the East and West affected European culture in areas of art and architecture, literature, mathematics, science and education. And Urbans vision of directing the energies of warring knights outward succeeded in reducing war within Europe. Having a common foe and common objective, even for those who didnt participate in the Crusade, fostered a view of Christendom as a united entity. This has been a very basic introduction to the Crusades. For a better understanding of this extremely complex and greatly-misunderstood topic, please explore our Crusades Resources or read one of the Crusades Books recommended by your Guide.

James Joyces Dubliners Essay - 1450 Words

Dubliners James Joyce wrote Dubliners during the 20th century. As Joyce wrote Dubliners, he probably intended on telling what Ireland was like at the time that he wrote it. He uses many different themes in this book. He specifically uses the themes of light and dark and autonomy and responsibility to illustrate what life in Ireland is like. The stories that use these themes are â€Å"An Encounter†, â€Å"The Boarding House†, and â€Å"The Dead†. Each story contains the themes of light/autonomy representing freedom and dark/responsibility representing duty. In â€Å"An Encounter†, the theme of freedom is expressed through out the whole chapter. An example of the theme of freedom representing autonomy happens as the boys plan†¦show more content†¦He felt that it was his duty to tell him that he read all the books so; the man wouldn’t think he was stupid. The man is an example of dark because he is very strange acting. He comes off like a pretty nice guy talking about books and girls. He starts doing odd things such as walking back and forth. As he returns, He asks the one boy if Mahony got many whoopings. He starts talking about how much he would love whooping boys if they had sweethearts. They were nervous to be around this guy. They finally got the courage to get up and leave while he was talking. The theme of freedom is found in â€Å"The Boarding House†. An example of this is shown when Polly made dinner for Mr. Doran. They instantly started liking each other: â€Å"They used to go upstairs together on tiptoe, each with a candle, and on the third landing exchange reluctant good-nights. They used to kiss. He remembered well her eyes, the touch of her hand and his delirium† (62). This shows right here that they were attracted to each other. They didn’t think about the consequences of their actions before they did it. They were free to do what they wanted, so they thought. They probably didn’t think that Polly’s mother was watching them since they showed interest in each other. Another example of freedom and light is when they flirted with each other. Flirting can be looked at as light. The minute they saw each other, a light could have went off in both of their mindsShow MoreRelatedJames Joyce’s Dubliners Essay149 3 Words   |  6 PagesJames Joyce’s Dubliners is a collection of short stories that aims to portray middle class life in Dublin, Ireland in the early twentieth century. Most of the stories are written with themes such as entrapment, paralysis, and epiphany, which are central to the flow of the collection of stories as a whole. Characters are usually limited financially, socially, and/or by their environment; they realize near the end of each story that they cannot escape their unfortunate situation in Dublin. These storiesRead MoreParalysis In James Joyces Dubliners1086 Words   |  5 PagesHopefully this Essay is Slightly More Intelligible than Finnegan’s Wake: Dubliners Essay â€Å"To be or not to be, that is the question.† Hamlet’s famous quotation implies only two solutions: to be, or to not be. However, there is another option that Shakespeare never explored: to remain paralyzed between the two states, unable to commit to either. James Joyce’s Dubliners is a collection of short stories first published in 1914, that follows the inhabitants of Ireland. Published nearly a half a centuryRead MoreEssay on James Joyces Dubliners1145 Words   |  5 PagesJames Joyces Dubliners Throughout James Joyce’s â€Å"Dubliners† there are four major themes that are all very connected these are regret, realization, self hatred and Moral paralysis, witch is represented with the actual physical paralysis of Father Flynn in â€Å"The Sisters†. In this paper I intend to explore the different paths and contours of these themes in the four stories where I think they are most prevalent ,and which I most enjoyed â€Å"Araby†, â€Å"Eveline†, â€Å"The Boarding House†, and â€Å"A LittleRead MoreJames Joyces Dubliners Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesA Literary Analysis of Dubliners James Joyce created a collection of short stories in Dubliners describing the time and place he grew up in. At the time it was written, Joyce intends to portray to the people of Dublin the problems with the Irish lifestyles. Many of these stories share a reoccurring theme of a character’s desire to escape his or her responsibilities in regards to his relationship with his, job, money situation, and social status; this theme is most prevalent in AfterRead More Triangular Structure in James Joyces Dubliners1970 Words   |  8 PagesTriangular Structure in James Joyces Dubliners Within the body of literary criticism that surrounds James Joyces Dubliners is a tendency to preclude analysis beyond an Irish level, beyond Joyces own intent to create the uncreated conscience of [his] race. However, in order to place the text within an appropriately expansive context, it seems necessary to examine the implications of the volumes predominant thematic elements within the broader scope of human nature. The psychic dramaRead MoreReligion in James Joyces Dubliners Essay1452 Words   |  6 PagesReligion in James Joyces Dubliners Religion was an integral part of Ireland during the modernist period, tightly woven into the social fabric of its citizens. The Catholic Church wa s a longstandingRead MoreSymbolism Used in James Joyces Dubliners2126 Words   |  9 Pagesothers. James Joyce, a well-known Irish author, uses symbolism repeatedly throughout his collection of short stories published in 1916. In these stories, titled Dubliners, Joyce uses symbolism not only to enhance the stories, but to also show the hidden, underlying message of each story without coming out and saying it directly. Joyce’s stories are centered on the problems of Dublin and through his use of symbolism Joyce is able to focus attention on what problem each story is addressing. James JoyceRead MoreEssay on James Joyces Dubliners1404 Words   |  6 PagesDubliners James Joyce wrote the book Dubliners; Joyce expresses many different types of emotions throughout the book. The emotions portray individuals in society, and light and dark. The emotions of individuals are examined throughout the stories by other members in society. The stories that express the ideas are: â€Å"The Encounter,† â€Å"Eveline†, and â€Å"The Dead.† The symbolism of individuals in society expresses many different situations that are happening in the characters lives. TheRead MoreJames Joyces Dubliners Essay1422 Words   |  6 PagesDubliners In the story Dubliners by James Joyce, he writes about a few different themes, some of these being autonomy, responsibility, light, and dark. The most important of the themes though must be the individual character in the story against the community and the way they see it. I have chosen to take a closer look at â€Å"Araby,† â€Å"Eveline,† and â€Å"The Dead† because the great display of these themes I feel is fascinating. Many things affect the way the individual characters seeRead MoreEssay on Evelines Decision in James Joyces Dubliners790 Words   |  4 PagesEvelines Decision in James Joyces Dubliners      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the short story, Eveline, James Joyce introduces us to the life of a young woman named Eveline. She has the opportunity to escape with Frank, the man she thinks she loves, to a faraway country in search of a new life.   Instead, she decides to stay in the dreary and gloomy life she already knows.   To understand Evelines final decision to stay we have to analyze the reasons that prevent Eveline from pursuing a better

Stance Essay Free Essays

This sponsorship can advantage a huge number of student TTS, many argue that corporate influences are not vital in the school environment. The potent al increment in the achievement rate of students because of corporate sponsorship exceeds t he conceivable negative parts of the sponsorship. Corporate sponsorships are beneficial to schools who are financially struggling g. We will write a custom essay sample on Stance Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Students that are not given these opportunities are less inclined to perform w ell in school because of the aptitudes they may need in. Notwithstanding that, students the at have a significant appreciation for particular sports would feel less inspired by going to class in light of the school’s powerlessness to have sports. On the off chance that a partner ship is sufficiently liberal to give a lot of cash to a school to start up any sort of sports teams, they would profit extraordinarily. Not just in light of the fact that they would be sat Yin active, but because colleges will see that they did extracurricular activities during their SC hollow career and it will look like the student is taking initiative and showing commitment. More over, a constrained measure of sports or academic clubs can keep a student from EAI rang a scholarship, in this way, also keeping them from going to school. Case in point , Target had donated over 50,000 dollars to grants for children to go to Camp Cayman. C amp Cayman is an open air school that spotlights on sports. The grants honored to these students provided for them the chance to take part in the programs given at t he school that they overall couldn’t afford. One protest to corporate sponsorships in schools relates to the likelihood of active impacts on the students by the companies. Such a contention is imperative w hen managing Bourne 2 naive high scholars. Obviously, it is vital that the partnerships be picked built not just with respect to the measure of cash they can offer, yet the message they are sends Eng to students. Case in point, if a student is given the choice to have a Macomb contrasted WI the a Dell machine, they would pick the one more suited to their needs. Simply on the g rounds that their school hit an arrangement with Apple, does not so much mean they will pick t e Macomb on the grounds that it was made by Apple. Truth be told, it can open up the stud net’s eyes to little partnerships that bailed them out in their school and it brings issues to light f or them. This mindfulness won’t guarantee that students will exclusively depend on one org animation, yet grow their viewpoints and discover different organizations. Corporate sponsorships have the capacity to help schools who can’t bear to gig eve their students the best that they deserve. Both sponsor and the supported profit FRR mom corporate phonographs. How to cite Stance Essay, Essays

Epic Of Gilgamesh Essay Immortality Example For Students

Epic Of Gilgamesh Essay Immortality â€Å"But then I ask the question: How many men must die before we can really have a free and true and peaceful society?How long will it take?If we can catch the spirit, and the true meaning of this experience, I believe that this nation can be transformed into a society of love, of justice, peace, and brotherhood where all men can really be brothers.† -Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Since the beginning of early civilization, differences in races and cultures have been a part of society. Along with these differences, there evolved a hatred against what was not considered â€Å" the norm† . For many years, prejudice, especially in the form of racism, has sparked many hate crimes and wars. Over generations, people have devised strategies to combat these injustices in the most effective way possible, whether it be civil or violent ways of protest. August Wilson’s Pulitzer Prize winning play, â€Å" The Piano†, is set in the early 1930s at a time when racism was spreading like wild fire. The play takes a close look into two dynamically different approaches to overcoming prejudice in America. Although their strategies differ greatly, both Berniece and Boy Willie both find ways to combat the problems associated with living in a racist culture. Slavery is still fresh in the minds of many blacks and whites during the ‘30s and so are many harsh feelings. Berniece and Boy Willie tackle the racism of their time in the same way their parents did. Bernice’s personality is very similar to her mother’s, Mama Ola. She chooses to avoid conflicts over racism whenever possible, even if it means keeping quiet about subjects that should be addressed. She finds it easier to â€Å" lay low† than to create a situation. Berniece views the history of the piano with the same disdain and sorrow that her mother held for so many years. In one of many heated arguments with Boy Willie, Berniece says, â€Å" Mama Ola polished over this piano with her tears for seventeen years seventeen years worth of cold nights and an empty bed. For what a piano? To get even with somebody. and what did it ever lead to? more killing and more thieving.† When Boy Willie speaks, one can almost hear the vigor and determination of his father, Papa Boy Charles’ voice. He, much like his father, believes in the theory: â€Å"by whatever means necessary.† Boy Willie is willing to do whatever it takes and remove whoever stands in his way; and that includes getting rid of any white man that poses a threat against his dreams. Boy Willie is very proud that his father gave his life to steal the piano, with the carvings of his family’s history, from Sutter, the man who enslaved his great grandmother and his grandfather. Papa Boy Charles believed that his family would always be slaves as long as Sutter still had ownership of the piano. Boy Willie tells Berniece that she should tell her daughter, Maretha, about the story behind the piano so that she can be proud of her grandfather. â€Å"You ought to mark down on the calendar the day that Papa Boy Charles brought that piano into the house. ..throw a party.. .have a celebration.† Although their points of view are similar to their parents, they are very opposed in their strategies for dealing with racism. At a time when racism is at its peak due to unresolved issues on both sides, the future for blacks in America seems bleak. Although slavery has ended, brutal attacks against blacks still exist and many are worse off financially than they were as slaves. Berniece looks at her lifestyle from a realist’s point of view with little optimism. She sees no chance of growth for blacks and expresses this when she says, â€Å" I’m going to tell her the truth.. .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 , .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 .postImageUrl , .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 , .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114:hover , .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114:visited , .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114:active { border:0!important; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114:active , .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114 .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u726b64682c5961b4c973656a6f847114:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 12 Angry Men Essay.you at the bottom with the rest of us that’s just where she living.† Berneice believes that blacks are at the bottom of life and they may never overcome their situation. Although she believes that blacks can find success; she feels that successs is limited to the boundaries in which blacks are born. She follows the idea that some blacks refer to as â€Å" the house negro mentality†. This nickname was coined for those slaves who were comfortable with their lifestyles because they saw nothing good that could come from freedom. Berniece believes blacks must gratefully take what is handed to them and work with what they receive. If they become to greedy they may wind up with nothing. Surprisingly, Boy Willie chooses to be optimistic in spite of his surroundings. In a world that tells him that there is no future for people of color, Boy Willie is an idealist. He sees a future for himself beyond the color of his skin and is determined to go out and grab it. He also knows that he cannot wait for white men to drop success on his lap; he has to get it himself. Despite his sister’s opinions, Boy Willie does not see himself at the bottom but instead at the top of society. â€Å"I’m living at the top of life. I ain’t gonna just take my life and throw it away at the bottomI’m in the world like everybody else. † He further stresses this opinion when he says, â€Å" how a person views himself is how he will live†. Boy Willie tells Berniece that if a person chooses to believe he is at the bottom and there is no future; that is how he will live at the bottom with no future.He also believes that he is the same and deserves just as much as any white man. He sees himself as an equal and perhaps, better off than some white men. Boy Willie refuses to believe that white men are somehow better than him or deserve more than him. Boy Willie and Berneice definitely differ in how they handle racist situations and the injustices committed against them. Berniece chooses to battle racism in a more submissive way. She sees only the pain and heartache that can result from taking a stand against prejudice. Her father died trying to prove his manhood to white men and she sees nothing good that can come from speaking out. Speaking out can only make the living situation for blacks worse in Berneice’s opinion. Boy Willie takes a more militant approach to battling racism. Boy Willie is bold and outspoken and does not care whose feet he steps on to get his point across. He is fearless and perhaps foolish when he says, â€Å" a nigger that ain’t afraid to die is the worst kind of nigger for the white man†. Boy Willie is willing to fight, or even kill, any white man that stands between him and freedom. He tells Wining Boy that no white man could ever mistreat him because he refuses to be mistreated. He treats people the way they treat him. No stranger to jails, Boy Willie shows complete disregard for the laws of the land. He feels that the law only applies to him when it is convenient and satisfies his needs. He feels that the law was not designed for him but against him, and unless it fits his purposes he will not abide by it. Boy Willie refuses to allow anyone to rule over him in any manner, whether that man is black or white. In the play, â€Å" The Piano Lesson†, August Wilson’s characters offer two popular ways used by blacks for surviving in a racist culture. In one case, the character of Berniece choose to live in silence in order to avoid any repurcussions that would result from speaking out. Boy Willie chooses to fight any man that steps in his way and tries to prevent him from finding the oppurtunity and freedom that he deserves. Although some forms of their strategies are effective; in the long run, they are both terribly wrong. .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 , .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 .postImageUrl , .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 , .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3:hover , .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3:visited , .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3:active { border:0!important; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3:active , .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3 .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u87c697e4bdf75a5bf83fb9bc30d3cee3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Empowerment And Participation Essay By choosing to live in denial about the way blacks are treated; Berniece is actually allowing this kind of abuse to continue. Unless people speak out when they are unjustly treated, no change can ever occur. One must look within himself to find the courage to stand up for what he believes in despite what backlash may incur. Berneice is definitely safer in comparison to Boy Willie’s ideas. His behavior and ideas are brash, foolish, and self-destructive. His hateful ways can offer no solution to the present state of racism. By choosing to be headstrong, the only achievement he may receive for his actions is death. Violence and outright disobedience is never a recipe for peace. The Reverend Martin Luther King,Jr. probably best understood the importance of devising a strategy that could combat racism and bring about peace among all races. Through the means of peaceful protest, teaching, understanding, and love; people, the world over can look towards a future of peace.

Employee Relationship and Planned Change System

Questions: TR Ltd is a medium sized manufacturing company. Its Board of Directors have been concerned about output and efficiency levels, and recently reached a decision to radically reorganize the assembly division in pursuit of increased efficiency. The following is an extract of a conversation which occurred between the Managing Director (MD), Finance director (FD), Human Resources Director (HRD) and the Production Director (PD) after the latest Board meetingMD: Well, its been a long process, but at last I think were ready to roll things out.FD: What amazes me is how weve been able to keep this quiet from the staff no one has any idea what is about to happenMD: It shouldnt bother them too much, after all in the present environment they should be happy just to have a jobHRD: With respect, Sir, I think some of the assembly line workers may be very concerned, after all they will be moving to new contracts of employment, on lower pay scalesMD: Nonsense, this move safeguards the future of the com pany and their jobs. A bigger, more successful company will provide opportunities for promotion and advancement in the future The situation is a winner for everyone What do you think John?PD: I still have some concerns that we havent fully understood the assembly process the work which the assembly line actually performsMD: Of course we understand the process; we have analysed all of the production statistics, weve consulted with industry experts and the company which manufactures the assembly equipment, weve studied the system in operation elsewhere we fully understand all the technical aspects of how the system will work!HRD: Technicalities are only one part of it work teams will be broken up, jobs will become simpler, more repetitive the team leader grade disappears Staff may not like itMD: I dont employ them to like it, I employ them to do the job which they are told to do! Do you foresee problems with the staff?HRD: It is possible a lot will depend on how we actually roll out the changesMD: Thats all in hand. Everyone will receive a letter with their next pay slip detailing the new salary scales and terms and conditions of employment, including their new duties. The start date will be 1 October, and thats non-negotiable.HRD: Have you considered what we should do if the staff do not cooperate with the new system?MD: Thats simple well discipline or dismiss anyone whos not willing to go along with it! Only three things matter efficiency, sales and profit. Questions:1. (i) With reference to both the case AND the relevant literature, discuss whether staff are likely to resist the planned changes; use your answer to identify the reasons for resistance to change. (50%)(ii) The Managing Director clearly advocates the use of coercion to overcome any resistance which might occur. Through reference to the relevant literature critically evaluate the full range of measures which are available to management in attempting to overcome resistance. Illustrate your answ er through reference to the case study scenario. (50%)2. Through reference to the planned change literature, recommend a model of planned changed which TRs management could have used in implementing the changes. Critically evaluate the advantages which the use of such a model would bring to the situation. Answers: Introduction Changes are inevitable for the business success. The process followed by the companies to introduce changes within the organization, depends upon various reasons. Changes are introduced for reducing the operational expenses, improve the productivity for the company, and increase the profit earning margin. The need for brilliant concepts for implementing organizational changes has been increasing. However, the changes planned by the company in the operational activities and cost reduction can be resisted by the staffs. This report has been prepared on the TR Limited Company. The management of the company has proposed to reduce the operational expenses by reducing the pay structure of the staffs. However, the changes were not informed to the employees of the company (Aldrich, Ruef, 2006) Relevance of the change management system within the company Due to turbulent economic condition, it has become imperative to introduce planned organizational changes. Implementing changes within the company is a complex task, and the negative impact related to the same needs to be analysed well in advance. Changes can positively affect the staffs, clients, stakeholders, and others involved with the company. Thus, planning has to be done, before implementing the desired changes within the management. Any changes that can negatively impact the willingness of the staffs to work for the company have to be evaluated. This would help the management to work on an alternative solution through which the problem can be resolved. Sustainable change has to be related with the behavioural changes that impacts the business performance (Bagozzi et al., 2002). Staff resistance to the planned changes The company has proposed to introduce changes with the current pay structure for the staffs. Proposed changes would be informed to the employees at the time of the next pay. This would be done by sending the employees a letter that would state the changes in the pay structure, along with the new designated job. As per the HRM department, the staffs would resist the changes as it was had impacted the earning ability of the individual. However the management of the company wasnt willing to agree with the terms of the staffs. This was because; the management had aimed to improve the profit earning margin for the company (Balogun, and Hope Haily, 2004). Resistance of the staffs Changes having a negative impact on the staffs are not usually accepted by the employees of the company. Majority of the staffs are against the change process, as it can affect the performance and other factors. Thus, the management has to draft effective policies through which the changes can be accepted by the employees, with less resistance. For this, it is essential to improve about the proposed changes, along with its impact. In this process, the change management programme needs to be planned and implemented in an effective manner (Bruhn et al., 2001). Reduction in the pay structure or change in the job structure can affect the productivity of the employees. This would then affect the production plan for the company. Thus, it is necessary for the management to introduce an effective plan through which the required changes can be introduced within the company. In this process, the management has to communicate the factors related to changes with the staffs. This is also done with an intention of preparing the staffs to accept the proposed changes by the management. Some of the factors or behaviours associated with the change resistance have to be analysed by the managers. This would help in drafting plan for resisting the plan prepared by the management (Buchanan et al., 2005). Experts believe that staffs resist changes regardless of the nature for the change. In this case, it is imperative for the management to highlight the factors or benefits associated with the change factors. Every change is viewed by the staffs to be a risk, and this is one of the reasons for resisting the changes. The differences can be overpowered through reliable and clear communication. Through this process the management can discuss the reason for introducing the changes, the method that would be followed, and the impact about the changes. Thus the sources for resistance for changes have to be analysed. The anticipated objections needs to be analysed, and corrective measures to reduce the same has to be implemented (Burke, 2002). Literature review As per Burke 2009, there are 7 important steps that need to be analysed for implementing changes within the company. In this method, it is essential to mobilise different resources available with the company by identifying the problem associated with the operational activities. In this case, staff resistance is one of the major concerns that can affect the business performance. Thus, the management need to find a positive solution to solve the issue and find the best solution. Effective communication about the reason for introducing the changes and the benefits associated with the same for the company and the employees needs to be informed to the clients. Through effective communication process, it is possible to develop a shared vision between the company and the employees of the company. This would enable the management to find the best solution through which the required changes can be introduced (Burnes, 2004). The process for communication has to be simple and effective, and this can be done through effective leadership skills. The changes in the policies, rules, and structures have to be planned and implemented by the management. Such changes have been proposed to introduce required changes through which the productivity for the company can be improved. The management of the company has to plan the steps that would have to be followed for introducing the changes. This could be done by introducing the changes in a particular department or the whole company. Such a decision is quite important as it would help the management in analysing the challenges and finding a perfect solution to the existing problem. The stages involved in the method for the change process has to be analysed and the same needs to be monitored. This would help the company in finding the perfect solution through which the issue could be solved (Cialdini, 2009). As per Darnton 2009, the theory associated with the planned change has to be implemented after evaluating different factors like the existing strategies, structures, staff reactions, and others. Through such understanding it is possible for the managers to adopt and implement an effective approach that would be helpful in implementing the changes. The factors related to the barriers or the facilitators needs to be identified. Some of the barriers are Resistance of the staffs Improper plan for implementing the strategies for introducing the changes Unexpected challenges faced by the management at the time of introducing the changes (Doyle, Claydon, and Buchanon, 2000) Motivational factors are Highlighting the benefits associated with the introduction of the changes Benefits to the company (Elrod II, and Tippett, 2002) Changes are planned and introduced by the company to improve the organizational development process. Through this method an effective framework for improving the thinking process related to the changes are analysed. In this process, the system and the steps that would be followed for introducing the planned changes has to be analysed. Through this method, the management would be able to analyse the impact of changes on various departments that functions within the company (Fernandez, and Rainey, 2006). Psychological contract In this process the belief of the individual related to the terms or conditions required for exchanging and maintaining relationship with the staffs has to be analysed. Management introduce changes for reducing the cost for the operations and expanding the business. However, such changes are viewed negatively by the employees of the company. Employees fear of losing jobs or reduction in the pay structure. These are some of the major reasons that affect the performance and productivity for the company. In this case, it is suggested for the company to maintain positive and ever-lasting relationship with the staffs. This is done by constantly discussing with the staffs about the proposed changes, and the mission of the company. In the psychological contract method, the company work towards Securing the staffs and their interest (Oreg, 2003) Develop strategies for proper work-life balance Provide flexibility Reward for the loyal services Through such process, the management of the company attempt to maintain positive and ever lasting relationship with the staffs. It is necessary for the management to treat the staffs equally, as this would enable the company to encourage the staffs to improve the productivity of the organization. Regardless of the changes proposed to be introduced by the company, it is necessary to ensure that the staffs work towards the objective achievement for the organization. This can be done by building positive relationship with the staffs. Negative factors can directly impact the wiliness of the staffs from various department of the company to work towards the goal achievement (Todnem, 2005). Factors affecting the resistance to change The changed proposed to be implemented by the company is expected to be resisted by the employees. In this case, the staffs or human undergo through 5 different stages, which are 1. Denial - The staffs of the company are bound to deny the proposed changes. This is because, the staffs fear about losing the benefits that has been provided to the members.2. Anger Changes are unacceptable for majority of the staffs. This is one of the reasons; the employees express anger or negative aspect about the proposed change.3. Bargaining - In some cases, the staffs of the company attempt to bargain with the management. This is being done with an intention of negotiating with the management (Turnley et al., 2000).4. Depression - The proposed changes can cause depress the staffs, especially the ones who are not willing to change jobs. Such depression can affect the work ability of the members.5. Acceptance - The propose changes and the benefits associated with the same are explained effectively to the members. This would increase the possibilities of acceptance of the changed planned proposed by the management. The challenges associated with such factors can be resolved by the management through effective communication. During this period the staffs needs to be provided with the required support that would encourage the members to work towards the goal achievement. Apart from this, the proposed changes need to be informed by the management well in advance. Immediate change with the pay structure can negatively affect the performance of the company and the staffs (Wiggins, 2008). Breakdown model for change The proposed changes can be broken down into simple and effective steps by the management. This would enable the management of the company to analyse the changes, and its impact on the production activities. In this method, it is possible for the management to inform about the changes and analyse the impact of such changes on the employees of the company. The differences noticed have to be worked upon, as this will not affect the performance of the company. Through the breakdown model, the company attempts to analyse the challenges that is bound to be faced with different departments. This would help in analysing the challenges and implementing an effective step through which the issues can be solved. With the help of such planning, it is possible for the management to overpower the factors related to resistance. At first, the reason for introducing the changes needs to be communicated with the members. The resistance or the factors affecting the productivity for the company has to b e analysed. This will help the management to continue with the production activities, despite of the proposed changes. TR can adopt the policy through which the proposed changes related to the management can be interacted with the members well in advance. Through this method, the changes can be implemented on a timely manner (Todnem, 2005). Conclusion Change management is quite an important factor. The reasons impacting the performance of the members or the staffs to accept the change has to be analysed. This would help the management in introducing the required changes through which the resistance can be minimised. It is essential to introduce the changes after analysing the benefits associated with the proposed changes. Benefits and challenges related to the same have to be communicated with the members. This has to be done to improve the relationship between the staffs and the management of the company. References Aldrich, H. E., Ruef, M. 2006. Organizations evolving, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Bagozzi, R., Gurnao-Canli, Z., and Priester, J. 2002. The Social Psychology of Consumer Behaviour. Buckingham: Open University Press Balogun, J. and Hope Haily, V. 2004. Exploring Strategic Change, 2nd Edn (London: Prentice Hall) Bruhn, J. G, Zajac, G. and Al-Kazemi, A. A. 2001. Ethical perspectives on employee participation in planned organizational change: A survey of two state public welfare agencies, Public Performance and Management Review, 25, 2, pp. 208-28. Buchanan, D., Fitzgerald, L., Ketley, D., Gollop, R., Louise Jones, J., Saint Lamont, S., Neath, a. and Whitby, E. 2005, Not going back: A review of the literature on sustaining organizational change, International Journal of Management Reviews, 7, 3, pp.189 205 Burke, W. W. 2002. Organizational Change: Theory and Practice (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications) Burke, W. W. 2009. Understanding organizations: The process of diagnosis. In W. W. Burke, D. G. Lake, J. W. Paine (Eds.), Organization change: A comprehensive reader (pp. 259 272). San Francisco: John Wiley Sons, Inc Burnes, B. 2004. Managing Change: A Strategic Approach to Organisational Dynamics, 4th edn (Harlow: Prentice Hall) Cialdini, R. B. 2009. Influence: Science and practice, 5th ed. New York: Quill, Prentice Hall. Darnton, A. 2008. Reference Report: An overview of behaviour change models and their uses Research report for the Government Social Research Unit Doyle, M., Claydon, T. and Buchanon 2000. Mixed results, lousy process: Contrasts and contradictions in the management experience of change. British Journal of Management, 11, pp. 59 80 Elrod II, P. D. and Tippett, D. D. 2002. The death valley of change, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 3, pp. 273 291 Fernandez, R. and Rainey, H.G. 2006 Managing Successful Organisational Change in the Public Sector: An Agenda for Research Practice, Public Administration Review, March/April, pp 168 176 (2) Oreg, S. 2003. Resistance to change: Developing an individual differences measure, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 4, pp. 587-604 Todnem, R. 2005. Organisational Change Management: A Critical Review, Journal of Change Management, 5, 4, pp.369 380 Turnley, W. H. and Feldman, D. C. 2000. Re-examining the effects of psychological contract violations: Unmet expectations and job dissatisfaction as mediators, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, pp. 25-42 Wiggins, L. 2008/2009. Managing the ups and downs of change communication, Strategic Communication Management, 13, 1, pp20-23.